Bible Notes Online - Ezekiel 40 - ESV
Commentary

v1: 24 years into his exile, Ezekiel receives fresh visions from God, another indication that God has a future for Israel. These words were to bring encouragement to a people in exile, and far from God Himself.

Different views of this section (chapters 40 -48) exist. Some take the temple to be entirely literal, describing a future temple in which the restored nation of Israel will worship God. Others see it as an image of Christ and the church (see 1 Cor 6.19-20; Eph 2.19-22). Either way we can rejoice that the plans and promises of God will be fulfilled, and the fulfilment involves His people, holy and full of worship.

v2-4: The vision of the city in Israel, to be declared to the people of Israel. The city was on a very high mountain, indicating its closeness to God, and a deeply spiritual experience; Gen 8.4; 22.2; Ex 19.220; 1 Kings 18.21.

The buildings looked like a city; as in previous visions, the detail became clearer as the prophet grew closer. As in 8.1-4, Ezekiel has a vision of Jerusalem. Ezekiel is commanded to take careful note, and to deliver the vision to the people. The vision is not for private speculation, but for corporate encouragement.

v5: A wall all around; for separation and protection.

The rod uses a new measurement, a long cubit, being a cubit and a handbreath. This is something beyond the capacity of man; the temple will not be the work of human hands.

v6: Steps to be climbed; effort required for closeness to God.

v7-16: The measurements are revealed as the man walks around the courtyard.

v17-27: Ezekiel is taken towards the centre of the temple, through the outer court, measuring the gates. In contrast to his vision in chapter 8, there are no abominations here; this new temple was to be used only for the true God.

v28-37: The gates were for people to draw closer.

v38-43: Rooms for offerings to be prepared; burnt offerings, sin offerings, guilt offerings; in 42.13, there was provision for the priests to eat the grain offerings. A difficulty with interpretation here is the implication that the restored nation offers animal sacrifices. In Christ, such sacrifices are no longer required; on which the NT is very clear (Heb 10, for example).

v44-47: Promises made to Zadok (1 Kings 1.8, 26; 2.35) and to Levi (Jer 33.18, 21) are fulfilled as a reward for their faithfulness. Zadok stood with David, and Levi stood with Moses, when others rebelled against God.

v48-49: Ezekiel reaches the temple itself. He has to climb more steps, indicating the necessity of holiness. Note too that the successive entrances become narrower each time (see 41.1, 3).