Bible Notes Online - Nehemiah 7 - ESV
Commentary

v1-3: Once the walls were built, Nehemiah had the doors set in place, and leaders appointed.

v4-5: The city of Jerusalem itself was sparsely populated. Nehemiah gathered the leaders together to decide what to do. He also found the list of people who had returned 80-90 years earlier with Zerubbabel.

v6-73: The list recorded in Ezra 2. This provides continuity between the two books, and evidence of the accuracy of the list, since Nehemiah clearly had confidence in its accuracy.

v73: In the seventh month, just a few days after the wall was finished (6.15), the people gathered together.